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However, when measuring pyridoxal 5’ phosphate (PLP) blood levels, participants who had higher PLP showed a 30-50% reduced risk of the cancer. A meta-analysis of epidemiological studies did not find that B6 supplements reduced colorectal cancer risk.Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with chronic inflammation, a risk factor for colorectal cancer. Vitamin B6 is believed to play a role in colorectal cancer through its enzyme activity that may reduce oxidative stress and the spread of tumor cells. They suggested that higher levels of B6 in the body may reflect the status of other nutrients that are protective against cancer. The authors concluded an unclear role of vitamin B6 in cancer prevention because of the discrepancy between results from epidemiological and intervention studies. The clinical studies did not find a protective effect of B6 supplements but the quality of these studies was rated low because B6 was not given alone and because cancer was not the main outcome studied. However when total B6 intake from food and supplements was assessed, the protective effect weakened. The epidemiological studies found that a high intake of vitamin B6 foods and higher B6 blood levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of all cancers, most notably gastrointestinal cancers.

Ī systematic review of both epidemiological and clinical studies looked at the relationship of dietary intake or blood levels of vitamin B6 and all cancers. The review did not find a difference in heart attacks or deaths between the B supplements or placebo it did find a small association with reduced strokes with the supplements given alone or in combination, compared with placebo. The follow-up period was one year or longer. A Cochrane review was conducted with randomized controlled trials looking at the effects of homocysteine-lowering interventions (B6, B12, folic acid supplements alone or in combination) for the prevention of cardiovascular events (stroke, heart attack).There were no differences in cardiac events or cardiac deaths in the vitamin B6 groups compared with the placebo group. The participants were given either a B-vitamin complex with folic acid, B12, and B6 folic acid and B12 40 mg B6 alone or a placebo. In a study from Norway, results from two randomized double-blinded controlled trials were combined, consisting of 6,261 participants followed for more than three years.Therefore the American Heart Association does not advocate for the use of B vitamin supplements for reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Although epidemiological studies have found that vitamin B supplementation can decrease homocysteine levels, they have not consistently shown a decreased risk of cardiovascular events in taking the vitamins. A lack of adequate vitamin B6, along with vitamin B12 and folic acid, can increase homocysteine levels.

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High homocysteine levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease and stroke as it may promote the formation of blood clots and excess free radical cells, and may impair normal blood vessel function. However, the use of separate B6 supplements (apart from the RDA amounts in typical multivitamin preparations) is inconclusive and not recommended. Adequate blood levels of B6 may be associated with lower risk of cancers, compared to low blood levels. The vitamin in supplement form shows the most promise for the treatment of pregnancy-induced nausea, but such use should only occur under the supervision of a physician. Vitamin B6 has been widely studied for its role in disease prevention. Even higher amounts of vitamin B6 supplements are sometimes prescribed for medical reasons, but under the supervision of a physician as excess vitamin B6 can cause toxicity. This amount can only be achieved by taking supplements.

The UL for adults 19 years and older is 100 mg daily, with slightly lesser amounts in children and teenagers. UL: A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population. For pregnancy and lactation, the amount increases to 1.9 mg mcg and 2.0 mg, respectively. The RDA for women ages 14-18 years is 1.2 mg 19-50 years, 1.3 mg and 51+ years, 1.5 mg. RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for men ages 14-50 years is 1.3 mg daily 51+ years, 1.7 mg.

PLP is a coenzyme that assists more than 100 enzymes to perform various functions, including the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats maintaining normal levels of homocysteine (since high levels can cause heart problems) and supporting immune function and brain health. Pyridoxal 5’ phosphate (PLP) is the active coenzyme form and most common measure of B6 blood levels in the body. Vitamin B6, or pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin found naturally in many foods, as well as added to foods and supplements.

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